Double-acting tool-driver



{No Model.)

I. A. REYNOLDS. DOUBLE ACTING TOOL DRIVER.

Patented Jan. 4,1898.

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To @225 whom it may concern.- or stem 11 projecting outwardly therefrom,

Be it known that I, FRANK ARTHUR REY- on which may be arranged a suitable pres- NOLDS, of Lewiston, in the county of Androssure-nut, as at 12. This nut may have the coggin and State of Maine, have invented cerusual center adapted to engage a suitable tain new and useful Improvementsin Doubleabutment, so that when the nutis rotated Acting Tool-Drivers, of which the following the internal threads thereof engaging the is afull, clear, and exact description. threads of the stem or bolt 11 will cause the This invention relates to double acting spindle 10 to advance and force the drill or tooldrivers, but more particularly to doubleother tool to its work, though instead of the acting ratchet-drills. bolt and pressure-nut a bolt or screw or other The primary object of the invention is to pressure device may be provided, the bolt or simplify the mechanism for operating the screw, in such case having one end thereof tool spindle or shaft and at the same time adapted to engage an abutment and the other provide a simple and eflicient device which end screw-threaded and engaging a threaded will avoid many of the objections incident to recess or opening in the spindle, so that when devices of this character as ordinarily conthe bolt is rotated the desired pressure may structed. be exerted upon the drill or tool. A pair of A further object is to provide a pivoted leopposed ratchet-Wheels 13 and 13, having ver rotatably arranged on the spindle andtheir teeth pitched in the same direction, may means connected thereto for transmitting be secured at or near the opposite ends of the motion to the tool spindle or shaft, so that tool shaft or spindle by means of keys or the tool may be worked by oscillating the leotherwise, or said ratchet wheels may be ver in various positions with reference to said formed integral with the spindle, as desired. spindle and to provide a device which may The parts thus far described may be of the be employed either as a single or double actusual or of any preferred construction and ing tool-driver. are not claimed broadly herein, but only in With these and other objects in view the combination with certain features, which will invention consists in the construction and be hereinafter referred to. combination of the several parts, substan- In order to impart rotary motion to the tially as hereinafter described, and then ratchet-wheels and the tool, I may arrange a pointed out in the claims at the end of the pair of collars 14C and 14* so as to rotate upon description. the spindle or shaft 10, said collars having re- Referring to the accompanying drawings, cesses adapted to partiallyinclose the ratchetforming a part of this specification, in which wheels, which latter serve to retain the colsimilar figures of reference designate similar lars on said spindle. These collars have lugs parts, Figure 1 is a general perspective view or projections 15 and 15, respectively, proof one form of device embodying my invenjecting outwardly therefrom and having opention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the device ings therethrough, in each of which is arshown in Fig. 1, the handle of the lever and ranged a pawl 16, which is normally forced in the drill being partly broken away. Fig. ward, so as to engage the teeth of the ratchetis a longitudinal sectional view, partly in elewheel by means of a spring 17, located within vation, taken on the line III III of Figs. 2 the opening in the lugs or projections. The and at; and Fig. 4; is a transverse sectional pawls maybe polygonal in cross-section or View taken on the line IV IV of Fig. 3. may be partially cylindrical and partially an- The spindle or shaft 10 may have one end gular, so as to slide in similarly-formedopen- 5 thereof formed with a socket in which the ings in the lugs or projections of the collars shank of a drill or other tool or the shank of in order to prevent rotary motion of the pawls,

a mandrel having a tool-holding chuck may the springs 17 beinginterposed between plugs, be inserted, while the other end of said spinas at 18, fitting the outer ends of the openings and the upper ends of said pawls, though UNITED STATES PATENT @rrrcn.

FRANK ARTHUR REYNOLDS, or LEWISTON,1\IAINF, ASSIGNOR on one- HALF TO STEPHEN I-I. MANNING, or SAME PLACE, AND HERSOHEL o. PARKER, or BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

DOUBLE-ACTING TOOL-DRIVER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 596,790, dated January 4, 1898.

Application filed July 10, 1897. Serial No. 644,185. (No model.)

die or shaft may have a screw-threaded bolt instead of the openings extending entirely through the projections simply a recess may be formed for each pawl and spring, or the pawls may be differently constructed and arranged, if desired. The projections or lugs on the collars 14 and 14: are engaged by the ends of a lever 19, which is pivoted to a sleeve 20, the latter being journaled on the spindle 10 and interposed between the collars, thus serving as an inner abutment or bearing-surface therefor. This lever may be of any preferred form and arranged upon the spindle or shaft in any desired manner; but I prefer to construct the same as shown, in which the ends thereof are provided with slots 21, fitting the lugs or projections 15 and 15, the slots being beveled or relieved, as shown more clearly in Fig. 4, in order that various inclinations of the projections on the collars may be compensated for when said lever is rocked or oscillated on its pivot. The pivot may be in the nature of a trunnion 22, formed on the sleeve 20, on which the lever may be journaled, as shown in Fig. 3, and said lever may be held on the sleeve by means of a washer 2-3, which is secured to the trunnion 22 by a screw or bolt, as at 24, so as to bear upon the upper surface of the operating-lever, thus permitting the lever to move back and forth parallel with the plane of the drill, so as to rotate the collars 14 and 14c in opposite directions, or permitting said lever and sleeve to be revolved or oscillated at right angles or around the tool-spindle in order that the collars and operating-lever maybe moved simultaneously in the same direction to accomplish the function of an ordinary single acting ratchet-drill. By this means the parts liable to catch the clothing of the operator are inclosed, and a simple, strong, and efficient mechanism is provided for driving the tool spindle or shaft, thereby avoiding the objections incident to the use of gears and pinions employed on many of such devices.

The construction and operation of the invention will be readily understood from the foregoing description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings.

The drill or tool being arranged in the tool spindle or shaft 10, the pressure-nut brought to bear against a suitable abutment, so as to exert the desired pressure between the end of the drill or tool and said abutment in the usual manner, and the operating-lever 19 moved backward and forward in a plane parallel with that of the tool-spindle and tool, it will be seen if the lever is moved in one directionas tothe right, for instance-that the lever by engaging the lug or projection 15 Will rotate the collar 14: in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 2, causing thereby the pawl 16 to engage the teeth of the ratchetwheel 13, so as to rotate the spindle and tool. During this movement of the lever the opposite collar 14, through the lug 15, will be rotated in the opposite direction around the tool-spindle, so as to cause the pawl 16 to slip over the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 13; but when the lever is moved toward the left the reverse action will take place, causing the pawl 16 to slip over the ratchet-wheel 13. while the pawl 16 engages the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 13 and'causes the tool and spindle to rotate, thus securing practically a constant rotary motion of the drill or tool.

Should the device be in such a position that the operating-lever cannot be moved back and forth in a plane parallel with the spindle and tool, the said lever and sleeve may be rotated around or at right angles to said spindle or shaft. In this case the operating-lever l9, engaging the lugs 15 and 15, will cause the collars to revolve in the same direction as the sleeve 20, and when moved in one direction will cause the pawls 16 and 16 to slip over the teeth of the ratchet-wheels but when the operating-lever is moved in the opposite direction the pawls will be caused to engage the teeth of said ratchet-wheels, thus rotating the spindle at one movement only of the lever.

I thus provide a simple and effioient device which may have the lever thereof operatedin various positions and which may be employed either as a single or-a double acting ratchetdrill or other tool-driver.

It will be understood that various changes may be made in the device-as, for instance, the lugs or projections maybe carried by the lever and the collar slotted to receive said lugs, or that the ratchet-wheels may be formed directly upon the tool spindle or shaft; that a plate may be provided so as to cover the exposed outer surfacesof the ratchet-wheels, said plate being either secured to or formed as a part of the shaft or spindle, or may be secured to the collars as desired,and that some of the parts may be dispensed with or others substituted therefor without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. A device of the character described, comprising a tool spindle or shaft, ratchet-wheels having the teeth thereof similarly pitched and rotating with the tool shaft or spindle, a pair of collars rotatably arranged on the shaft and provided with pawls to engage the ratchetwheels, and a lever pivoted and journaled upon the tool-spindle and having a key-andslot connection with the collars so as to rotate the same, whereby a single or double acting ratchet drill or tool driver is secured, substantially as described.

2. A device of the character described, comprising a tool-spindle, exteriorly-smooth'collars rotatably arranged on the spindle and provided with lugs or projections thereon, an inclosed ratchet-and-pawl connection between each collar and the spindle, and a pivoted 1ever supported on the spindle and engaging the lugs of the collars so as to rotate the latter in opposite directions when oscillated on its pivot,- substantially as described.

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' pivot, substantially as described.

4. A doubleacting-ratchet tool-driver, comprising a tool spindle or shaft, a sleeve or casin g jonrnaled on the spindle, collars rotatably arranged on the spindle, each having a lug or projection thereon, ratchet wheels on the spindle, pawls carried by the collars adapted to engage the teeth of the ratchet-wheels, and a lever pivoted to the casing and slotted to engage the lugs of the collars so as to rotate the latter in opposite directions when oscillated on its pivot, substantially as described.

5. A device of the character described, comprising a tool spindle or shaft, a sleeve or casing journaled on the spindle, recessed collars rotatably arranged on the spindle, each having a lug or projection thereon, ratchet-wheels secured to the spindle and arranged in the recesses of the collars, spring-pressed pawls arranged in the lugs and adapted to engage the teeth of the ratchet-wheels, means for exerting a pressure on the spindle, and a lever pivoted to the casing and having slotted ends engaging the lugs of the collars so as to rotate the latter when oscillated on its pivot, substantially as described.

FRANK ARTHUR REYNOLDS. Witnesses:

SETH M. CARTER, WALLACE H. WHITE. 

